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of necessity

  • 1 nuja

    Slovenian-english dictionary > nuja

  • 2 bě̄dà

    bě̄dà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `need, poverty, misery'
    Page in Trubačev: II 54-56
    Old Church Slavic:
    běda `distress, need, necessity' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedá `misfortune, trouble' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bída `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    běda `woe!' [interj]
    Slovak:
    bieda `poverty, calamity' [f ā]
    Polish:
    bieda `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    biada `woe!' [interj]
    Old Polish:
    biada `distress, necessity' [f ā] \{1\}
    Upper Sorbian:
    běda `grief, woe, misery' [f ā]
    Lower Sorbian:
    běda `grief, pain' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bijèda `grief, misfortune' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    bẹ́da `misery' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedá `misfortune, misery' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eh₂ \{2\}
    IE meaning: force
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 117
    Comments: According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds.
    Other cognates:
    Alb. be `oath' [f] \{2\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} The vocalism of Modern Polish bieda `id.' is of Mazowian origin, cf. biada `woe!'. \{2\} According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds. \{3\} Demiraj prefers *bʰeidʰ-i-s to an ā-stem (1997: 94).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bě̄dà

  • 3 nùdja

    nùdja; nǫ̀dja Grammatical information: f. jā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `need'
    Page in Trubačev: XXVI 37-39
    Old Church Slavic:
    nǫžda `force, necessity, suffering' [f jā];
    nužda (Supr., En.) `force, necessity, suffering' [f jā] \{1\}
    Russian:
    núža (dial., arch.) `need, necessity' [f ā]
    Czech:
    nouze `poverty, need' [f jā]
    Old Czech:
    núže `difficult situation, torment, need' [f jā]
    Slovak:
    núdza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]
    Polish:
    nędza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    nȕžda `poverty' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    núja `necessity, need' [f jā]
    Bulgarian:
    núžda `need, poverty' [f jā]
    Lithuanian:
    naudà `use' [f ā] 3
    Old Prussian:
    nautin `need'
    Indo-European reconstruction: nouH-dʰ-i-eh₂
    Page in Pokorny: 756
    Other cognates:
    Go. noʮs `need, force' [f]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Supr. has 27 instances of nužd- against four instances of nǫžd-.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > nùdja

  • 4 nǫ̀dja

    nùdja; nǫ̀dja Grammatical information: f. jā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `need'
    Page in Trubačev: XXVI 37-39
    Old Church Slavic:
    nǫžda `force, necessity, suffering' [f jā];
    nužda (Supr., En.) `force, necessity, suffering' [f jā] \{1\}
    Russian:
    núža (dial., arch.) `need, necessity' [f ā]
    Czech:
    nouze `poverty, need' [f jā]
    Old Czech:
    núže `difficult situation, torment, need' [f jā]
    Slovak:
    núdza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]
    Polish:
    nędza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    nȕžda `poverty' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    núja `necessity, need' [f jā]
    Bulgarian:
    núžda `need, poverty' [f jā]
    Lithuanian:
    naudà `use' [f ā] 3
    Old Prussian:
    nautin `need'
    Indo-European reconstruction: nouH-dʰ-i-eh₂
    Page in Pokorny: 756
    Other cognates:
    Go. noʮs `need, force' [f]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Supr. has 27 instances of nužd- against four instances of nǫžd-.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > nǫ̀dja

  • 5 potreba

    emergency, necessity, need

    Slovenian-english dictionary > potreba

  • 6 podòba

    podòba Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a
    Old Church Slavic:
    podoba `manner, necessity, decency, appearance' [f ā] \{1\}
    Czech:
    podoba `similarity, appaearance' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    podǫ̑ba `image, picture, appearance, likelihood' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dobaʔ
    Lithuanian:
    dabà `nature, habit, character' [f ā];
    dabar̃ `now' [adv]
    Latvian:
    daba `manner, habit, character' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dʰobʰ-eh₂
    Other cognates:
    Go. gadaban `happen, be suitable'
    Notes:
    \{1\} podoba jestъ, na podobǫ (sc. jestъ) `it is necessary, it is becoming', na podobǫ byti komu `be worthy', podoba jestъ `it seems, apparently'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > podòba

См. также в других словарях:

  • Necessity — • A strict connection between different beings, or the different elements of a being, or between a being and its existence. Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Necessity     Necessity …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • necessity — ne·ces·si·ty n pl ties 1 a: the presence or pressure of circumstances that justify or compel a certain course of action; esp: a need to respond or react to a dangerous situation by committing a criminal act b: an affirmative defense originating… …   Law dictionary

  • Necessity — Ne*ces si*ty, n.; pl. {Necessities}. [OE. necessite, F. n[ e]cessit[ e], L. necessitas, fr. necesse. See {Necessary}.] 1. The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite; inevitableness; indispensableness. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Necessity Is a Mother Tour — Concert tour by ZZ Top Location North America, Asia, Europe Start date September 5, 2009 (2009 09 05) …   Wikipedia

  • necessity is the mother of invention — phrase used for saying that people find ways to do what they have to or get what they need Thesaurus: necessarysynonym Main entry: necessity * * * proverb when the need for something becomes imperative, you are forced to find ways of getting or… …   Useful english dictionary

  • necessity — ► NOUN (pl. necessities) 1) the state or fact of being required or indispensable. 2) an indispensable thing. 3) a situation enforcing a particular course: created more by necessity than design. ● necessity is the mother of invention Cf.… …   English terms dictionary

  • necessity — (n.) late 14c., constraining power of circumstances, from O.Fr. necessité need, necessity; privation, poverty; distress, torment; obligation, duty (12c.), from L. necessitatem (nom. necessitas) compulsion, need for attention, unavoidableness,… …   Etymology dictionary

  • necessity — [nə ses′ətē] n. pl. necessities [ME necessite < OFr nécessité < L necessitas < necesse: see NECESSARY] 1. the power of natural law that cannot be other than it is; natural causation; physical compulsion placed on man by nature; fate 2.… …   English World dictionary

  • necessity is the mother of invention — ► necessity is the mother of invention proverb when the need for something becomes imperative, you are forced to find ways of getting or achieving it. Main Entry: ↑necessity …   English terms dictionary

  • necessity — *need, exigency Analogous words: compelling or compulsion, constraining or constraint, obliging or obligation, coercing or coercion (see corresponding verbs at FORCE): indispensableness, requisiteness or requisition, needfulness (see… …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

  • necessity is the mother of invention — Difficult situations make people inventive …   The small dictionary of idiomes

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